Time delay effect in double excited human middle ear
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1
Lublin University of Technology
2
Department of Agro-bioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13 20-950 Lublin, Poland
3
Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 20-618 Lublin, Poland
Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J. 2025; 19(1):88-94
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ABSTRACT
In cases of significant hearing loss affecting the auditory ossicles, it is possible to attach
an implant. In such cases, the implant is responsible for the movement of the stapes.
However, the eardrum is not removed, it remains in the system, forcing movement of
the first auditory ossicle – the malleus. The aim of this research is to present the results
of stapes vibrations in the human ear with an implant under dual excitation both from
the eardrum and the implant using Lumped Parameter Model with 5 degrees of
freedom. The model incorporates the masses of all three auditory ossicles, as well as
additional masses from the implant. The delay in the system caused by the signal
reaching the implant is also considered. The results relate to work that was later
transformed into an ASTM standard for ear testing ensuring the accuracy of the
findings.