The paper deals with the testing of composite materials based on aluminium and polymer microparticles. The aim of the research was to determine an influence of a content of a microparticle filler on mechanical properties of the polymer particle composite and adhesive bonds (material structural carbon steel S235J0). A preparation of adhesive bonds and a process of testing of the adhesive bonds were in accordance with the standard CSN EN 1465. The adhesive bond strength was increased when adding the aluminium and polymer powder filler. The adhesive bond strength increase was the highest at the adhesive bond with the adhesive in the form of the composite (15 g of the filler : 100 g of the matrix). The adhesive bond strength increase was 14.3% (13.68 ± 0.43 MPa). Adhesive bonds evinced an adhesive type of a fracture surface. By adding the filler in a form of microparticles there was a change of the failure type on adhesive-cohesive and a cohesive type. Fracture surfaces and an adhesive bond cut was examined with SEM (scanning electron microscopy) using a microscope MIRA 3 TESCAN.