This paper presents the results of an analysis of the influence of prior austenite grain (PAGS) size on the strength and ductility of Hardox Extreme steel, with particular emphasis on impact load resistance and abrasion resistance under loose abrasive conditions. According to the manufacturer, Hardox Extreme steel in its delivered state is characterized by a minimum tensile strength of 2000 MPa and a hardness exceeding 60 HRC. To conduct the analysis, Hardox Extreme steel underwent heat treatment, including austenitization at temperatures ranging from 850 to 1200 °C. The mechanical property tests were supplemented with microscopic analysis using stereoscopic, light (LM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate microstructural properties. Fractographic studies were also carried out to identify the fracture characteristics observed during impact tests. Additionally, surface analyses after abrasion tests were performed to determine the micromechanisms of wear. Quantitative metallography techniques and statistical tools were employed to evaluate the prior austenite grain size and its distribution across various austenitization temperatures. The final section discusses the results in relation to existing literature and presents scientific and practical conclusions.