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Investigation effect of bending process parameters on springback of 416 stainless steel sheet using experimental and statistical approach
 
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1
University of Technology
 
2
College of Engineering, University of Kerbala
 
3
Al-Mustaqbal University
 
These authors had equal contribution to this work
 
 
Corresponding author
Muslim Ali   

College of Engineering, University of Kerbala
 
 
 
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ABSTRACT
The springback phenomenon is one of the most sensitive features in sheet metal forming. Inaccurate estimation of springback amount results in product failure and incorrect final dimensions. Dimensional accuracy is crucial when manufacturing brackets, joints, and structural parts that typically require L-shaped bending after machining, which are often made of stainless steel. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to strive for more accurate prediction and control of springback, given its crucial importance in the design of sheet metal forming tools. In the current work, the springback behavior of 416 stainless steel sheet was evaluated during the L-bending operations. Three rolling directions (0o, 45o, and 90o), sheet thicknesses (0.5 and 1 mm), and dwell time (0.5 and 2 min) were used to assess their impact on the springback phenomenon. The design of experiment was employed to analyse the experimental results using a full factorial design in Minitab software, and a regression model was constructed to predict the springback value. The analysis of variance is used to determine the most significant parameter of the springback value. The results showed that the rolling direction, sample thickness, and dwell time significantly affect the springback values during L-bending operations for samples made of 416 stainless steel. It was evident that the samples at an angle of 0o (parallel to the rolling direction) showed less springback compared to other directions due to the high homogeneity of the fibers and mineral tissues. It has also been demonstrated that increasing the sample thickness and dwell time up to 1 mm and 2 min, respectively generally results in a reduction in springback. The outcomes indicated that the effect of dwell time (0.5 and 2 min) is more pronounced in thinner samples of 0.5 mm and in the rolling direction, while its impact is less pronounced in thicker samples of 1 mm.
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