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Influence of Seeder Inclination and Hopper Filling Level on the Dosing Process of Granular Material: A Case Study of Triticale
 
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Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology
 
 
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Wiktor Jan Łykowski   

Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology
 
 
Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J. 2026; 20(1)
 
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ABSTRACT
Uniform seed distribution is a critical factor that affects both the quality and yield of crops. In small and medium-sized farms, mechanical seeders with a working width of up to 3 meters are the most common. These machines are typically mounted on low- and medium-power tractors. To evaluate the influence of tank filling level and inclination on the precision of granulated material dosing, a new laboratory test stand was used. The stand was equipped with a mechatronic drive system for the seeder’s dosing unit, enabling precise control of the seeding rate. Additionally, a prototype piezoelectric impact sensor was installed to count the number of seeds dispensed. Based on literature analysis, a research gap was identified regarding the variability of seeding rates for granulated material in the form of triticale seeds depending on terrain features and hopper fill level. Triticale is an important feed crop in both Poland and Europe. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of the angle of tilt angle relative to the vertical axis and the filling level on the seeding dose. The tilt of the tank by +15° from the vertical (simulating downhill operation) was found to reduce the mass of dispensed seeds by up to 8.15%, while a tilt (simulating uphill operation) increased it by up to 22.88%. However, the fill level of the tank did not have a statistically significant effect (p = 0.05) on the seeding rate. The results provide new information on factors that affect seeding precision and may support the development of improved control strategies for agricultural machinery.
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