Use of cobots in the optimization of workstations for the type I assembly line balancing problem
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1
Engineering Academic Area, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, México.
2
Engineering and Sciences School, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico
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The assignment of tasks to workstations in manufacturing and service processes, along with the minimization of these stations, has led to various assignment problems, including the Simple Assembly Line Balancing Problem (SALBP). As an NP-complete problem, its computational complexity makes the use of exact methods infeasible for finding a solution. The new in this research analyzes is the implications of this problem by incorporating cobots to support workers at workstations, aligning with the human-centric pillar of Industry 5.0. To address the problem, a heuristic algorithm was employed to generate feasible solutions; while it does not guarantee an optimal value, this is characteristic of such methods. Results were compared with instance databases from literature, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted on time reductions due to Cobot support, testing values of 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%. The sensitivity analysis revealed a significant difference when a 40% reduction was considered. Consequently, we conclude that regardless of the weightings analyzed, Cobots support consistently reduces the number of workstations required in organizational manufacturing and service processes.