This article describes problems related to the adaptation of the human body to the state of weightlessness. International studies on changes in the parameters of the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems are analysed. The paper also presents technical solutions in the form of numerous devices enabling human functioning in microgravity conditions, without significant decrease in physical capacity, as well as muscle and bone atrophy. The chief purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative piece of equipment that applies two pneumatic actuators for training of lower bodily parts of astronauts in a space station. The equipment recommended in the article is of the authors’ own patent. Additionally, the authors put forward a proposition of how to control the patented device in a novel way.