Cloud Computing offers the avant-garde services at a stretch that are too attractive for any cloud user to ignore. With its growing application and popularization, IT companies are rapidly deploying distributed data centers globally, posing numerous challenges in terms of scheduling of resources under different administrative domains. This perspective brings out certain vital factors for efficient scheduling of resources providing a wide genre of characteristics, diversity in context of level of service agreements and that too with user-contingent elasticity. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of research related to various aspects of cloud resource scheduling is provided. A comparative analysis of various resource scheduling techniques focusing on key performance parameters like Energy efficiency, Virtual Machine allocation and migration, Cost-effectiveness and Service-Level Agreement is also presented.