PL EN
Low-temperature co-pyrolysis of ulin wood and rubber seed shell: Non-additive product redistribution and product characteristics
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin, Jl. Brig. Jend. Hasan Basri, Banjarmasin 70123, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
 
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin 70714, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
 
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia
 
4
Politeknik Unggulan Kalimantan, Jl. Pangeran Hidayatullah, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
A'yan Sabitah   

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin, Jl. Brig. Jend. Hasan Basri, Banjarmasin 70123, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
 
 
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Co-pyrolysis can modify biomass product distributions through interactions among feedstock-derived volatiles, minerals, and solid intermediates, yet this behavior remains poorly documented for tropical Indonesian residues. This study investigated ulin wood powder (KU), rubber seed shell (CK), and KU:CK blends of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 at 300 °C in a batch fixed-bed reactor. Recovered tar/bio-oil and biochar were measured directly, whereas the apparent gas/unrecovered fraction was calculated by mass balance. Biochar and condensed products were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS-HS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). KU 100% produced the highest tar/bio-oil yield (207 g; 41.40 wt%), whereas CK 100% produced the highest biochar yield (241 g; 48.20 wt%). The KU:CK 50:50 blend generated the highest apparent gas/unrecovered fraction (205.65 g; 41.13 wt%). Relative to a linear additivity model, the 50:50 blend deviated by -6.93, +0.90, and +6.03 percentage points for tar/bio-oil, biochar, and the apparent gas/unrecovered fraction, respectively; the direction and magnitude of deviations varied with blend ratio. FTIR confirmed the persistence of oxygenated, aliphatic, and aromatic functional-group regions in all biochars, while GC-MS-HS detected volatile oxygenated and aromatic markers, including benzene, toluene, and phenol. These results demonstrate ratio-dependent, non-additive product redistribution at 300 °C without catalyst addition. Because the gas fraction was inferred by difference and replicate-level data were unavailable for statistical reanalysis, the observed non-additivity should be interpreted descriptively rather than as statistically established mechanistic synergy.
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top