PL EN
Evaluating hydrodynamic cavitation for increasing the biodegradability of herbal waste: a multi-criteria approach
 
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Ukryj
1
Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
 
2
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38A, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
 
 
Data publikacji: 01-09-2026
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Magdalena Lebiocka   

Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
 
 
Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J. 2026;
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
This paper focuses on the issue of selecting the operational parameters of the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) that provide a maximum increase in the biodegradability of herbal waste with possibly low energy demand. To achieve this goal, the Multi-criteria Determination of Recommended Variants (MCDRV) method was applied, which allows for selecting the most advantageous HC conditions taking into account a variety of, sometimes conflicting, indicators of the process evaluation. The conventional inference methods were ineffective in identifying the recommended runs, owing to the intricate nature of the experimental data and the multitude of evaluation criteria presented in various units, as the optimal solution. Using the MCDRV method, an analysis involving multiple criteria was carried out on 21 distinct variants to select the best HC conditions that fulfill prior assumptions of the study. For searching for the best variant or variants of HC, the following criteria were defined: BOD/COD, SCOD/COD, as well as SCOD and BOD, which were maximized; in turn, COD, phenol concentration, and energy consumption were minimized. The evaluations based on both the seven-criteria and five-criteria frameworks for the 21 variants obtained in the experiment indicated that, regardless of whether the same or different values were assigned to the importance of individual criteria, certain variants were consistently not chosen as a compromise. The variant that was repeatedly selected as a compromise solution, independent of the values of the weight of individual criteria and the number of criteria, was the variant for which the HC time and the cavitation inlet pressure were 5 minutes and 3.5 bar, respectively. The multi-criteria approach indicated that such operational conditions should be recommended for the efficient HC process of herbal waste.
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