Material separation is one of the basic technological operations. Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is a universal cutting method; it is used for almost all structural materials, ranging from easy-to-cut materials such as aluminium alloys to materials that are difficult-to-cut after thermal treatment. In terms of assembly accuracy and product safety, surface quality and edge condition after cutting are of vital importance. Machining with ceramic brushes mounted on the machining centre is one of the methods for improving surface quality and removing burrs after AWJM. The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of machining conditions with ceramic brushes on the surface quality and effectiveness of deburring after abrasive water jet machining of EN AW-7075 aluminium alloy. For all tested brushing treatment conditions lower roughness parameters were obtained compared to the base surface after AWJM. A positive deburring effect was achieved for all fibre types after one brush pass. For the brush with the lowest stiffness fibres a rounded edge was obtained, while for the fibres with higher stiffness – the edges were chamfered.