The article presents the characteristics of temperature changes of selected components of the machine tool and the temperature of the machining coolant in relation to the selected dimensions of finished parts, such as the AGB gear cover. The tests were carried out on the basis of serial production on the FMS line in a plant producing components for the aviation industry. As part of the research, the machine tool was modernized to the extent that it was possible to register temperatures in real-time. Temperature changes were compared with the dimensions of the machined part in search of dependencies. Correlation calculations between temperature and dimensional data were made with the use of a statistical process control program. Dimensional data were obtained from CMM machines used daily to measure parts from series production.