This article focuses on the cavitation mechanism from the perspective of utilizing the effect of gas desorption from the solution with nucleation of gas bubbles. This effect is an innovative approach to improving operating parameters, including emissions parameters, in compression-ignition engines. The article presents the concept of applying this process in practice and directs attention to problems associated with its practical implementation. With regard to this issue, an original pump design with a hypocycloid power transmission, enabling application of the desorption effect, is presented. The second part of the article focuses on evaluation of the possibility of cavitation occurring in the pump. This task was realized by simulating cavitating flows in the pump’s return valve – the site at the greatest risk of formation of the first nuclei of this unfavorable phenomenon.